Gamma linolenic acid (GLA)
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85. Arnold, L. E., Kleykamp, D., Votolato, N. A., Taylor, W. A., Kontras, S. B., and Tobin, K. Gamma-linolenic acid for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: placebo-controlled comparison to D-amphetamine. Biol.Psychiatry 1-151989;25(2):222-228. View urgess, J. R. other disruptive behaviors. Lipids 2003;38(10):100786. Stevens, L., Zhang, W., Peck, L., Kuczek, T., Grevstad, N., Mahon, A., Zentall, S. S., Arnold, L. E., and B EFA supplementation in children with inattention, hyperactivity, and 1021. View Abstract 87. McIllmurray, M. B. and Turkie, W. Controlled trial of gamma linolenic acid in Duke's C colorectal cancer. Br.Med.J.(Clin.Res.Ed) 5-16-1987;294(6582):1260. View Abstract 88. van der Merwe, C. F., Booyens, J., and Katzeff, I. E. Oral gamma-linolenic acid in 21 patients with untreatable malignancy. An ongoing pilot open clinical trial. Br.J.Clin.Pract. 1987;41(9):907-915. View Abstract f dietary 89. Wu, D., Meydani, M., Leka, L. S., Nightingale, Z., Handelman, G. J., Blumberg, J. B., and Meydani, S. N. Effect o supplementation with black currant seed oil on the immune response of healthy elderly subjects. Am.J Clin.Nutr. 1999;70(4):536-543. View Abstract 90. Miles, E. A., Banerjee, T., Dooper, M. M., M'Rabet, L., Graus, Y. M., and Calder, P. C. The influence of different combinations of gamma-linolenic acid, stearidonic acid and EPA on immune function in healthy young male subjects. Br.J.Nutr. 2004;91(6):893-903. View Abstract 91. Goyal, A. and Mansel, R. E. A randomized multicenter study of gamolenic acid (Efamast) with and without antioxidant vitamins and minerals in the management of mastalgia. Breast J 2005;11(1):41-47. View Abstract 92. Cheung, K. L. Management of cyclical mastalgia in oriental women: pioneer experience of using gamolenic acid (Efamast) in Asia. Aust.N.Z.J.Surg. 1999;69(7):492-494. View Abstract 93. Chenoy, R., Hussain, S., Tayob, Y., O'Brien, P. M., Moss, M. Y., and Morse, P. F. Effect of oral gamolenic acid from evening primrose oil on menopausal flushing. BMJ 2-19-1994;308(6927):501-503. View Abstract 94. Wagner, W. and Nootbaar-Wagner, U. Prophylactic treatment of migraine with gamma-linolenic and alpha-linolenic aci Cephalalgia 1997;17(2):127-130. ds. View Abstract 95. D'Almeida, A., Carter, J. P., Anatol, A., and Prost, C. Effects of a combination of evening primrose oil (gamma linolenic acid) and fish oil (eicosapentaenoic + docahexaenoic acid) versus magnesium, and versus placebo in preventing preeclampsia. Women Health 1992;19(2-3):117-131. View Abstract 96. Yoshimoto-Furuie, K., Yoshimoto, K., Tanaka, T., Saima, S., Kikuchi, Y., Shay, J., Horrobin, D. F., and Echizen, H. Effe of oral supplementation with evening primrose oil for six weeks on plasma essential fatty acids and uremic skin sym in hemodialysis patients. Nephron 1999;81(2):151-159. cts ptoms View Abstract 97. Belch, J. J., Ansell, D., Madhok, R., O'Dowd, A., and Sturrock, R. D. Effects of altering dietary essential fatty acids requirements for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory dr on ugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a double blind placebo controlled study. Ann.Rheum.Dis. 1988;47(2):96-104. View Abstract 98. Leventhal, L. J., Boyce, E. G., and Zurier, R. B. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with blackcurrant seed oil. Br.J Rheumatol. 1994;33(9):847-852. View Abstract 99. Remans, P. H., Sont, J. K., Wagenaar, L. W., Wouters-Wesseling, W., Zuijderduin, W. M., Jongma, A., Breedve and Van Laar, J. M. Nutrient supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids and micronutrients in rheumatoid arthrit clinical an ld, F. C., is: d biochemical effects. Eur.J Clin.Nutr. 2004;58(6):839-845. View Abstract ol. 1983;12(2):85-88. View 100. Hansen, T. M., Lerche, A., Kassis, V., Lorenzen, I., and Sondergaard, J. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with prostaglandin E1 precursors cis-linoleic acid and gamma-linolenic acid. Scand.J.Rheumat Abstract 101. Theander, E., Horrobin, D. F., Jacobsson, L. T., and Manthorpe, R. Gammalinolenic acid treatment of fatigue associated with primary Sjogren's syndrome. Scand.J Rheumatol. 2002;31(2):72-79. View Abstract 102. Manthorpe, R., Hagen, Petersen S., and Prause, J. U. Primary Sjogren's syndrome treated with Efamol/Efavit. A do blind cross-over investigation. Rheuma ubletol.Int. 1984;4(4):165-167. View Abstract 103. Middleton, S. J., Naylor, S., Woolner, J., and Hunter, J. O. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of essential fatty acid supplementation in the maintenance of remission of ulcerative colitis. Aliment.Pharmacol Ther. 2002;16(6):1131-1135. View Abstract
منابع مشابه
Tumoricidal and anti-angiogenic actions of gamma-linolenic acid and its derivatives.
Studies showed that gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and its derivatives have the potential to be anti-cancer molecules. In vitro, in vivo and limited clinical studies showed that GLA has selective tumoricidal action with little or no side effects. The mechanism of its action appears to be by inducing apoptosis of tumor cells by augmenting free radical generation only in the tumor cells but not norma...
متن کاملGamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA) Monograph
Introduction Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) is an important conditionally essential fatty acid (EFA). GLA is an omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). The fatty acid molecule is comprised of 18 carbon atoms with three double bonds. It is also known as 18:3n-6; 6,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid; cis-6, cis-9, cis-12octadecatrienoic acid; and gamolenic acid. GLA is found naturally in the fatty acid fr...
متن کاملGamma-Linolenic Acid Levels Correlate with Clinical Efficacy of Evening Primrose Oil in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis
INTRODUCTION Atopic dermatitis (AD) has been related to a deficiency of delta-6-desaturase, an enzyme responsible for the conversion of linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). Evening primrose oil (EPO) contains high amounts of GLA. Therefore, this study investigated whether EPO supplementation results in an increase in plasma GLA and its metabolite dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) corre...
متن کاملDietary supplementation of gamma-linolenic acid improves skin parameters in subjects with dry skin and mild atopic dermatitis.
Disruption of the skin barrier function caused by epidermal hyper-proliferation, results in the skin becoming dry and showing high transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Gamma linolenic acid (GLA) is reportedly efficacious for treating TEWL and epidermal hyper-proliferation. In this study, to elucidate the effect of GLA-rich oil on skin function, GLA-containing food was given to adults with dry skin...
متن کاملStructural characterization of triacylglycerol in several oils containing gamma-linolenic acid.
The differences are reported in the triacylglycerol (TG) structures of oils containing gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) from Oenothera biennis Linn seed oil (OBLO) from the wild plant, evening primrose seed oil (EPO) from a cultured plant, and bio-GLA oil (BIO) from a mold, the physiological functions of which were ascertained by animal testing. Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic s...
متن کاملChanges in human plasma essential fatty acid levels as a result of administration of linoleic acid and gamma-linolenic acid.
Administration of doses of linoleic acid (LA) up to 36 g/d in humans raised blood levels of linoleic acid but not of its metabolites. This is probably because the conversion of LA to gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) is slow and rate-limiting. We have found that administration of relatively small amounts of GLA, up to 360 mg/d, raises human blood levels of dihomogammalinolenic acid (DGLA) and arachido...
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